Jumping performance is underpinned by several morphological and physiological factors, most notably muscle strength and power capabilities (Ćopić, Dopsaj, Ivanović, Nešić, & Jarić, Citation2014 Harrison et al., Citation2013 Sattler et al., Citation2016 Tsiokanos, Kellis, Jamurtas, & Kellis, Citation2002), body composition (Ćopić et al., Citation2014 Nikolaidis et al., Citation2017), and technique (i.e. The squat jump (SJ) and the countermovement jump (CMJ) are frequently used tasks for assessing vertical jumping performance (Petrigna et al., Citation2019 Van Hooren & Zolotarjova, Citation2017). Vertical jumping is commonly used in strength and conditioning as an assessment or a training method (Petrigna et al., Citation2019) and jumping performance is of paramount importance in several sports (Kitamura et al., Citation2017 Petway, Freitas, Calleja-González, Leal, & Alcaraz, Citation2020). Further studies are needed to directly investigate the associations between CMJSJ Diff and indicators of athletic performance. While a larger CMJSJ Diff has been traditionally associated viewed as positive, our results could indicate both superior ability to utilize the stretch-shortening cycle, as well as poor ability of rapid force development and excessive muscle slack. Male athletes had a higher CMJSJ Diff than female athletes, but the difference was very small. For instance, SJ and CMJ heights were highest in short-distance runners and lowest in long-distance runners, while the largest and smallest CMJSJ Diff was shown in physical education students and speed skaters, respectively. The major finding of this study was that the groups that showed better SJ and CMJ performance did not show the larger CMJSJ Diff. In total, 712 athletes from various disciplines (mean age range: 15.7–36.3 years) and 58 physical education students (mean age: 19.6 years) participated in the study. The purpose of this study was to explore SJ and CMJ, as well as the CMJ to SJ difference (CMJSJ Diff) in 9 groups of young athletes. However, strong arguments have been made that this might not always be the case, as larger differences between the jumps could also suggest higher muscle-tendon slack, or poor capability to take this slack up quickly. Copyright © 2011 by the National Strength & Conditioning Association.Traditionally, a larger difference between countermovement (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) was seen as beneficial, as it reflects the ability to utilize the stretch-shortening cycle. Therefore, the overall benefit of squatting to a parallel depth may provide peripheral benefits to the athlete, while not hindering the potential to improve in the vertical jump. The depth of the squat does not appear to be a critical factor in improving vertical jump performance in moderately active individuals. No significant differences were found between the three groups (p =. Improvements (in inches) for each group were as follows: DS = 2.1 ± 2.6 cm (mean and standard dev.), HS 2.54 ± 3.2 cm, PS 3.6 ± 2.0 cm. Pre-and post-testing values were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's HSD post-hoc analysis. DS (n = 6) subjects performed a squat exercise to 135-degrees of knee flexion, HS (n = 8) subjects performed a back-squat exercise to 90-degrees of knee flexion, and PS (n = 7) subjects performed a squat exercise to a depth where their thighs were parallel with the floor. Inter-set recovery was set at two minutes. All groups trained two days per week for six-weeks using a program incorporating 4 sets of 8 repetitions at 80%-1RM. Twenty-three recreationally active subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a dip squat (DS) group, half squat (HS) group, or parallel squat (PS) group. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the depth of a back squat has a direct impact on vertical jump performance. However, when jumping, the athlete doesn't squat to parallel before takeoff, but rather “dips” in a shallow squat before takeoff. Traditionally, people emphasize performing a back squat to a depth where a person's thighs are parallel to the floor, but the deeper the squat, the more difficult it becomes to lift heavier weight. Jump height increases with a greater force exerted by the legs. In many athletic events, the ability to out-jump an opposing player is vital to success, and a staple to weight training programs for athletes is the back squat. Movement specificity is a critical training principle.
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